Black Fringe tackles the fluctuating states of 'inside' and 'outside'. From front view, the silver mane of sharp steel points set in a square of black oil appear as a flat facture but viewed from an angle, the artwork is multi-dimensional and activated. Catching light, the fine steel interior shimmers and transgresses the black border, casting a fringe shadow on the wall. Broaching ethnic segregation, political movements, and the boundaries of abstraction, Black Fringe points at the audience. A labour of love, 1100 polished steel shafts are pierced through the linen oil painting at 3mm spaces, judged by eye.